* * * * * * * * *- Yes, it is. * * * * * * * * * * * * * – No, it isn’t.
* * * * ► Are they pupils in Class 6?
* * * * * * * * *- Yes, they are. * * * * * * * * * – No, they aren’t.
*
* V. to be in the past * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * I * * * * * * * * * They
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *He * * * * * * * * * * * * * We * * * * *Were
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *She * * * * *Was * * * You
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * It
* * * *► Two years ago I was in class 4.
* * * *► The streets were quite yesterday.
*
- Negative:-
*
Was or were + not ( n’t )
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ► My class wasn’t small.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ► The streets were not noisy.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * *- Questions:-
Was * ……………………..?
Were
► Was your sister in class 6?
* * * * * * - Yes, she was. * * * * * * * *– No, she wasn’t.
*► Were the streets quiet yesterday?
* * * * * * - Yes, they were. * * * * * *– No, they weren’t.
* Answer:-
1- Was your class big?
………………………………………………………………………
2- Are you clever in English?
………………………………………………………………………
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * Question with Yes or No
Do * * * * * * * * Do you remember your first day at school?
* * * * * * * * * * * * * - Yes, I do. * * * * * * * * * * *– No, I don’t.
*
Does * * * * * * * * Does Ahmed remember his first day at school?
* * * * * * * * * * * * * - Yes, he does. * * * * * * * *– No, he doesn’t.
*
Did * * * * * * * * * * Did you like your first day at school?
* * * * * * * * * * * * *- Yes, I did. * * * * * * * * * * *– No, I didn’t.
*
Was * * * * * * * * * *Was your school big?
* * * * * * * * * * * * - Yes, it was. * * * * * * * * * * *– No, it wasn’t.
*
Were * * * * * * * * *Were there 40 pupils in your class?
* * * * * * * * * * * *- Yes, there were. * * * * * * *– No, there weren’t.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *Tenses
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 1- The present simple tense
زمن المضارع البسيط
► We use it for permanent states and repeated actions or daily routines.
* * * * * * I * * * * * * * * * *1- Positive
* Subject You * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *He
* * * * * * * We * + verb( infinitive ) * * Or * * * *She *+ verb + s /es /ies .
* * * * * *They * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * It
*
► I do my homework everyday.
► He eats a lot of chocolate.
► They play football in the club.
*
* * * * * * I * * * * * * * * * *2- Negative*
* Subject You * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * We * + do not (don’t) + verb( infinitive ) * * * * *
* * * * * *They * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *Or*
* Subject He * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * She + does not (doesn’t) + verb(infinitive) * * * * *
* * * * * * *It * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
*
► I don’t walk to school.
► He doesn’t play tennis.
► They don’t sleep much.
* * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3- Questions*
Do * *
Does + subject + verb (infinitive)?
*
► Do you play tennis?
* * * * * * * -Yes, I do. * * * * * * * * * * *– No, I don’t.
► Does Ali go to club on Friday?
* * * * * * * - Yes, he does. * * * * * * * – No, he doesn’t.
► Study these remarks:-
♥ Verbs which end in ( s /ss /sh /ch / o /x ) add ( es ) instead of *( s ).
* * * Teach * * * * * * * * * * * * * *teaches
* * *Wash * * * * * * * * * * * * * *washes*
* * * Go * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * goes
♠ Verbs which end in ( y ) after a consonant, change ( y ) into ( i ) + (es).
* * * Study * * * * * * * * * * * * * *studies
* * * Carry * * * * * * * * * * * * * carries
♣ This tense is often used with adverbs of frequency, such as:-
* * Sometimes * أحيانا * * * * * * * * * * * * *Always * * *دائما *
* * Usually * * * عادة * * * * * * * * * * * * * *Every * * *كل
* * Often * * *غالبا * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Never * *أبدا
- Ahmed always plays football on Friday.
*
2- The past simple tense:-
زمن الماضى البسيط
-We use the past simple tense for an action that started and completed in the past.
1- Positive :-الإثبات * * * *
*
Subject + didn’t + verb infinitive
Subject + verb + d /ed/ied.
* * * * * * * * * * *
I cleaned my room yesterday.
He played football.
They visited their uncle last week.
*
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 2 – Negative النفى * * * * * :-
*
*
She didn’t close the window.
He didn’t see the match.
*
*
*
3 – Questions * *الأسئلة
*
Did + subject + verb infinitive?
*
*
*
Did you play tennis yesterday?
*- *Yes, I did.
* * * * * - *No, I didn’t.
Did she hear her teacher advice last week?
* * *- Yes, she did.
* * *- No, she didn’t.
Some remarks
*
*
*
Verbs which end in (e) add just (d).
* * * * * * Close --------- closed
* * * * * *Arrive ------- arrived
* * * * * *Live ----------lived
*
verbs which end in a consonant after a vowel, double the last letter .
* *Travel -------- travelled
Stop ---------- stopped
-♥ He travelled abroad last year.
Some verbs in the past
يذهب
Went
Go
يرسل
Sent
Send
يعيش
Lived
Live
يري
Saw
see
يشتري
Bought
Buy
ياخذ
Took
Take
ياكل
Ate
Eat
يكون
Was
Am \ *is *
يكونون
Were
Are
*
How to form a question?
هناك نوعان من الاسئلة : - *
1- سؤال ( هل ) الذي يبدأ بفعل مساعد و تكون اجابته بــ Yes \ No
*
Yes \ No questions
►Are you a doctor?
- Yes, I 'm.
- No, I 'm not.
►Is Ahmed at school?
- Yes, he is.
- No, he is n't.
►Can you swim in the river?
* * * *- Yes, I can.
- No, I can't.
►Do you like English * ?
- Yes, I do.
- No, I don't.
►Did you live in Cairo?
- Yes, I did.
- No, I didn't. *
النوع الثاني من الاسئلة ؟
Wh – questions
اسئلة بادوات الاستفهام : -
*
( 1 ) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ( 2 ) * * * * * * * * * * * *( 3 )
Question word * * + helping verb * *+ * * *subject **
الفاعل * * * * * * * * * * * * * * فعل مساعد * * * * * * * كلمة الاستفهام
( 4 ) * * * * * * * * * * * ( 5 ) * * * * * * * ( 6 ) *
Verb ( inf ) * + * *the rest * *+ * * * * *?
* * * * * *ياتي الكلام * * * * * * * * * الفعل *
*
*
*
*
*
اولا كلمات الاستفهام مثل : - *
*
من ( الفاعل ) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Who
ما – ماذا ( شيئ ) * * * * * * * * * * * * *What
متي ( للزمن ) * * * * * * * * * * * * *When
اين * ( للمكان ) * * * * * * * Where * * * * *
* ثانيا : - الفعل المساعد : - اذا كان يوجد فعل مساعد نستخدمه مثل : -
am *- is *- are – was – were *- can *- will – could
اما اذا لم يكن هناك فعل مساعد نستخدم
do * - do - did * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
اذا كان الفعل مضارع * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * do
اذا كان الفعل في الماضي * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *did *
اذا كان الفعل مضارع به * * * * * * * * * * does * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ( *s – es – ies ) * * * * * * * * * *
ثالثا : - فاعل الجملة الأصلي و يمكن ان يكون اسم او ضمير
رابعا : - فعل الجملة الأصية مثل ( المصدر )
play * - go * *- send * - do * * *
خامسا : - ياقي الكلام في الجملة
- Ahmed bought a postcard . *( who )
في حالة ( who ) نحذف فاعل الجملة و نضعها و تكمل الجملة ولا نستخدم فعل مساعد *( did )
Who bought a post card * ? * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *( Who )
*
♫ Ali saw a lion. * * ( Who )
…………………………….………………………………………. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
♫ Rami took a photograph. * * * * * * * * * * * * *( Who *)
…………………………….………………………………………. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
♫ Sally ate a big fish. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *( Who )
…………………………….………………………………………. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
♫ Ahmed went to the river. * * * * * * * * * * * * *( Who )
…………………………….………………………………………. *
- Ahmed went to school. * * * *(Where) * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
ملوحظة :
* *1- where تدل علي المكان فنحذف الكلمة الدالة علي المكان و هو school
* *2-هذا الفعل زمن الماضي و لايوجد فعل مساعد فلابد من ان ناتي بفعل مساعد و هو did
* *3-ناتي بالفاعل و هو Ahmed
* *4-ناتي بمصدر الفعل الريئسي و هو go
► Where did Ahmed go * ?
1 ) I went to Aswan on holiday . * * * * *(Where)
…………………………………………………….………………
2 ) He took a photograph . * * * * * * * * * (What)
……………………………………………………………………...
*
ماذا ( هو *فعل ) ؟ *الاجابة ( التقط صورة )
► What did he do * ?
*
1- They saw a lion in the zoo . * * * * * * * (What)
……………………………………………………………………...
2- Sámi bought a book. * * * * * * * * * * * *(What)
……………………………………………………………………...
3- He goes home at ten everyday. * * * (When)
……………………………………………………………………...
*
اولا : - *نحذف الزمن لان السؤال بـــ when الدالة علي الزمن .
ثانيا :- *ناتي بالفعل المساعد و هو هنا *does ثم الفاعل ثم مصدر الفعل اي الفعل بدون اي اضافات .
► When does he go home everyday?
*
I visited the High Dam yesterday . * (When)
……………………………………………………………………...
Choose : -
1- I ……………. my uncle yesterday.
* * * * * * * visit - *visited *- visits
2- They ………… to Luxor last month.
* * * * * * * * went – go – going
3- My father ………… photos yesterday.
* * * * * * * * *take *- took *- takes .
Re – arrange : -
1- pen – under – My – is – table – the.
…………………………………………………………………..
2- did – go – Where – you – holiday – on ?
……………………………………………………………..…….
3- took – with – photos – She – camera – her .
……………………………………………………………………
Study these remarks: -
للسؤال عن بلد شخص ما
1- Where is Ahmed from?
►He is from Giza.
2- Where are you from?
► I 'm from Cairo.
*
On * * * * * * * * * holiday في اجازة
► He wend to Luxor on holiday .
*
Study these opposites: -
قديم
Old
جديد
New
بعيد عن
Far from
قريب
Near
صغير
Small
كبير
Big
هناك
There
هنا
Here
في الخارج
Outside
في الداخل
Inside
فوق
Above
تحت
Under
*
Punctuations: *
1 ) علاقات الترقيم
1- الحروف الكبيرة * Capital letters
1- توضع في بداية الجملة : - *
My family lives in Giza. -
2- *اسماء الاشخاص : -
Ahmed * - Rami – Sámi
3- دائما ضمير المتكلم I حتي و لوفي وسط الجملة *: -
- My father and I went to Luxor. *
4- اسماء البلاد و المدن و الامساكن المشهورة :-
Egypt - England -Cairo – Pyramids – High Dam **
5- ايام الاسبوع *و شهور السنة :-
Friday – Saturday – April – May
6- اسماء اللغات : - *
Arabic – English – French – Italian – Greek
*
2) الفاصلة العليا ' Apostrophe
- نستخدم مع الملكية:-
* * * * * * * * This is my father's car.
- و مع الاختصارات : -*
He's * *= He is
I 'm * * = I am
He's * = He has
I 've * *= I have
الفاصلة : - * , *Comma3-
تفصل بين كلمات متتابعة لتجنب إستخدام كلمة ( و)
►My hobbies are swimming, reading, running and playing
* * tennis.
*
I bought a postcard, a ruler, a book and a bag.
و توضع ايضا قبل الاسم اذا جاء في نهاية الجملة
I sent you a postcard, Enas.
4- النقطة ( . ) Full stop توضع في نهاية الجملة
I live in Giza.
5 – علامة الإستفهام ؟ *
توضع دائما في نهاية السؤال ؟
What did he do yesterday?
رد مع اقتباس
